Category: Uncategorized

  • Who Is “Solana” and Why Is It Trying to Log Into My Server?

    Curious about why you’re seeing ‘solana’ in your server logs? Learn what these failed login attempts are and what they mean for your security.

    I have a small server running at my house for a few personal projects. It’s nothing fancy, just a little box humming away in the corner. For fun, I set up a simple alert system. If someone tries to log into it and fails, it sends me a quick message on Discord.

    Most of the time, it’s quiet. But a while back, I noticed a strange pattern. I was getting a flurry of failed login attempts, and they all had one thing in common: the username was “solana.”

    At first, I brushed it off. Just another bot, right? The internet is buzzing with automated scripts constantly probing for weaknesses. They knock on every digital door, hoping to find one unlocked. These bots try common usernames like “admin,” “root,” or “test.” It’s the digital equivalent of checking if you left a key under the doormat.

    But “solana” was different. It wasn’t a default system name. It was oddly specific. And it was persistent.

    So, What’s the Deal with “Solana”?

    My curiosity got the best of me. Why that name? A quick search confirmed my initial hunch: I wasn’t the only one seeing this. It turns out, this is a widespread phenomenon. System administrators all over the internet have been noticing the same thing. Their logs are filled with failed login attempts from a user named “solana.”

    So, what’s going on? It all seems to trace back to the world of cryptocurrency.

    Solana is a popular blockchain platform known for its fast transaction speeds and low fees. Because of its popularity, it’s a big target for hackers and scammers. The ecosystem around Solana involves validators, which are computers responsible for verifying transactions and maintaining the integrity of the network.

    The leading theory is that these login attempts are from a botnet—a large, interconnected network of compromised computers—that has been specifically designed to target servers running Solana validator nodes.

    How the Botnet Likely Works

    Here’s the probable game plan for these bots:

    1. Scanning the Internet: The botnet constantly scans the entire internet for servers with open SSH ports (Port 22), which is the standard por for remote management.
    2. Brute-Force Attacks: Once it finds an open port, it starts a “brute-force” attack. This means it tries to guess the username and password over and over again. Instead of generic usernames, this botnet uses “solana.”
    3. The Goal: If it manages to guess the correct credentials for a server, it then checks to see if that server is running a Solana validator. If it is, the attacker has hit the jackpot. They can then try to steal the crypto assets associated with that validator, disrupt its operations, or use it for other malicious activities.

    The reason so many of us are seeing these attempts on our personal, non-crypto servers is that the botnet doesn’t know what kind of server it’s attacking beforehand. It’s just casting a very wide, but oddly specific, net. It’s playing a numbers game. By trying “solana” on millions of servers, it only needs to find a few that are actual, poorly secured validator nodes to make a profit.

    Should You Be Worried?

    If you’re like me and just running a personal server for hobbies, seeing these “solana” attempts isn’t a reason to panic. It’s just noise. As long as you’re practicing good security hygiene, you’re fine.

    Here are a few basic things everyone should do:

    • Use Strong, Unique Passwords: This is the most important step. Don’t use “password123.” Use a password manager to generate and store something long and complex.
    • Change Default Usernames: If your server came with a default username like “admin” or “pi,” change it immediately.
    • Consider Using SSH Keys: For a more secure setup, you can disable password logins altogether and use SSH keys instead. This is far more secure than relying on a password.

    In the end, this whole “solana” mystery is a great reminder of the constant, weird background radiation of the internet. It’s a glimpse into the automated battles being fought every second of every day. For most of us, it’s just a bit of strange log spam. But for a Solana validator who cut a few security corners? It could be a very bad day.

    So, if you see “solana” knocking on your server’s door, don’t be alarmed. Just make sure your locks are strong. It’s not personal; it’s just a bot playing the odds.

  • My Home Server Was a Power Hog. Here’s What I Did.

    Is your always-on home server or NAS using old, power-hungry PC parts? Learn how a simple hardware upgrade can save you money on your electricity bill.

    I have a computer that’s on 24/7. It’s my home server—a simple Network Attached Storage (NAS) box that holds all my files, photos, and media. For years, it was built from leftover parts from an old gaming PC. I figured, why not? The parts were free, and they worked.

    It wasn’t until recently that I realized this “free” server was quietly costing me money every single month.

    The Silent Power Hog in the Corner

    My setup wasn’t anything wild. The heart of it was an old Intel i5-3570K processor and a GeForce GTX 970 graphics card. Back in their day, these were solid gaming components. But for an always-on server? They’re dinosaurs.

    Here’s the thing about old gaming hardware: it was built for performance, not efficiency. These components draw a surprising amount of power even when they’re just sitting there, doing nothing. This is called idle power consumption.

    A server is mostly idle. It’s waiting for you to ask for a file or stream a movie. For maybe 23 hours a day, my NAS was just sitting there, humming away and sipping electricity. But it wasn’t a small sip. It was more of a steady chug.

    The GTX 970 graphics card was the main culprit. A NAS doesn’t even need a powerful graphics card. In fact, it barely needs graphics at all. But it was in there because the old i5 processor didn’t have integrated graphics. So, this powerful card, designed to render complex 3D worlds, was spending its retirement doing absolutely nothing… and drawing a lot of power to do it.

    Doing the Math

    Curiosity finally got the best of me. I started looking up the typical idle power draw for these parts. While it’s different for every system, the numbers were higher than I expected.

    Let’s say the old system idled at around 90-100 watts. That doesn’t sound like much, right?

    But then you do the math:
    * 100 watts x 24 hours = 2,400 watt-hours per day
    * 2.4 kilowatt-hours (kWh) per day x 365 days = 876 kWh per year

    Depending on where you live, that could be over $100-200 a year. Just for one computer to sit there. I was paying a premium for a service I wasn’t using. That “free” hardware suddenly had a very real running cost.

    The Simple, Efficient Fix

    So, I decided to upgrade. The goal wasn’t more power; it was less.

    I swapped out the old motherboard, CPU, and GPU for something much more modern and modest. I chose a newer, low-power CPU that had integrated graphics. This let me ditch the power-hungry GTX 970 completely. The new processor could handle all the server’s tasks effortlessly while using a fraction of the energy.

    The difference was immediate.

    • Quieter Operation: Without the big GPU fans, the machine is nearly silent.
    • Lower Power Bill: The new setup idles at a much lower wattage, maybe 20-30 watts. That cuts the yearly running cost significantly.
    • Better Use of Space: Modern parts are often more compact. After moving everything into a new case, I suddenly had a ton of extra room. It made organizing the storage drives and managing the cables so much easier. Everything runs cooler with the improved airflow.

    It all just works. The server does the exact same job it did before, but now it does it quietly and cheaply.

    Is Your Old Hardware Costing You?

    I think a lot of us have old tech running somewhere in the house. An old laptop acting as a media player, or a dusty desktop repurposed for backups. We set it up and forget about it.

    But power efficiency has come a long way in the last decade. If you have a computer that’s on all the time, it might be worth taking a second look at what’s inside. You don’t need to spend a fortune on brand-new, top-tier server equipment. Sometimes, a simple, modern desktop CPU is more than enough.

    My old gaming rig served me well, but its parts were from a different era. Upgrading my NAS wasn’t about chasing performance. It was about building something smarter, quieter, and cheaper to run. And honestly, the peace of mind is worth it.

  • My Girlfriend Moved In, and Our First ‘Couples Project’ Was a Network Diagram

    Moving in together is about more than just sharing space. For two tech lovers, it meant merging home labs—and creating a surprisingly romantic network diagram.

    My girlfriend and I recently moved in together. It’s a big step, full of exciting firsts: deciding on a couch, figuring out who gets which side of the closet, and, of course, merging our home labs.

    Wait, what?

    Yeah, you read that right. We’re both tech nerds. So for us, combining our lives also meant combining our servers, routers, and switches. It’s not your typical relationship milestone, but it was ours. And it was kind of awesome.

    More Than Just WiFi

    For most people, a home network is just the WiFi password you give to guests. It’s invisible. It just works (most of the time). But for us, it’s a hobby. A “home lab” is just a playground for tech enthusiasts. It’s where we host our own media servers, run smart home automations, or just tinker with new software.

    So when we moved in together, we had two of everything. Two networks, two sets of gear, two digital worlds. We had to figure out how to make them one.

    I was ready to just plug everything in and hope for the best. My approach is usually a bit of organized chaos. But my girlfriend? She’s a planner. She’s the kind of person who reads the instructions.

    One evening, she sat down with her tablet and started sketching. I thought she was doodling, but then she turned the screen to me. It was a complete network diagram.

    A Love Story, in Diagram Form

    There it was. A beautifully organized chart showing how every single device would connect. Her servers, my servers, the modem, the router, the smart lights, even our gaming PCs. Everything had a place.

    It had clear labels:
    His: My collection of servers and gadgets.
    Hers: Her equally impressive setup.
    Ours: The new, unified network that would power our home.

    It wasn’t just a technical drawing. It felt like a map of our new life together. It showed how we were taking our individual passions and finding a way for them to coexist and work together. It was logical, collaborative, and honestly, a little romantic.

    Seeing our digital lives laid out like that made the whole process feel real. It wasn’t just my stuff and her stuff anymore. It was becoming our stuff.

    Why This Actually Matters

    Okay, I get it. A network diagram might seem like the nerdiest thing in the world. But it taught me something.

    Every relationship is about merging two lives. It’s about communication and finding a shared language. For some couples, that might be figuring out a cooking schedule or a system for laundry. For us, it was drawing a map of our home network.

    It’s about respecting each other’s worlds, even if they’re filled with blinking lights and weird acronyms. It’s about building something new together. The diagram wasn’t about control or being rigid; it was about creating a system where both of our interests could thrive. It was a practical solution born from a shared passion.

    So, yeah. My girlfriend moved in, and we made a network diagram. It’s not the kind of romantic story you see in movies. But it’s ours. It’s a little bit nerdy, a little bit weird, and a whole lot of us. And I wouldn’t have it any other way.

    It’s a reminder that the best parts of a relationship often happen in the small, unexpected moments—even if those moments involve routers and IP addresses. It ain’t much, but it’s honest work.

  • My YouTube Algorithm Is Having a Weird Day

    Ever get a bizarre YouTube recommendation? Here’s a look at why algorithms get it so wrong sometimes, and why those weird suggestions are part of the fun.

    I opened YouTube the other day, and the first thing it recommended stopped me in my tracks.

    It wasn’t my usual mix of cooking tutorials, old movie clips, or that one channel that just restores rusty old things. This was… different. It was so specific, so out of left field, that I couldn’t help but laugh. It felt like the algorithm had a weird dream and decided I needed to see the results.

    For a second, I wondered if I’d been hacked. Did my nephew use my account to search for something bizarre? But no, it was just the algorithm, doing its best and failing in the most spectacular way.

    And honestly, I kind of love it when that happens.

    The Ghost in the Machine

    We all know there’s an “algorithm” watching us. It’s not a secret. This little ghost in the machine takes notes on everything we do. It sees the videos you watch, the ones you skip, the channels you subscribe to, and even how long you pause on a thumbnail before scrolling past.

    Its goal is simple: keep you on the platform. Show you something you’ll click.

    Most of the time, it does a decent job. It learns that I like videos about making sourdough bread and shows me more. It figures out I have a soft spot for 90s alternative rock and lines up a playlist. It’s a useful, if slightly creepy, digital butler.

    But sometimes, it gets things hilariously wrong. It’s like it makes a wild guess based on a tiny shred of evidence. It might see that you watched one video about fixing a bike and decide you’re now a candidate for a documentary on the Tour de France. Or you watch a clip from a movie, and it assumes you want to see every interview the lead actor has ever done, including that one from a local news channel in 1998.

    The logic is there, but it’s stretched so thin it becomes absurd.

    More Than Just a Funny Glitch

    These strange recommendations are more than just a programming error. They’re a peek behind the curtain. They remind us that this incredibly complex system, designed to understand human desire, is still just a machine making its best guess.

    It can’t understand context, irony, or idle curiosity. It just sees data points.

    • You watched a history video? You must be a historian. Here’s a three-hour lecture on Byzantine tax law.
    • You listened to one sea shanty? Your new identity is “sailor.” Prepare for a feed full of knot-tying tutorials and clips of stormy seas.
    • You looked up how to fix a dripping faucet? Welcome to the world of professional plumbing.

    These moments are a shared, unspoken part of being online. It’s a funny reminder that for all its power, the algorithm doesn’t really know us. It has a distorted, funhouse-mirror version of our interests. And in a world of hyper-personalized content that can feel a little too accurate, these weird misfires feel refreshingly human.

    They give us a chance to stumble upon things we’d never look for. A Japanese woodworking channel, a competitive marble racing league, a guy who just really loves reviewing canned fish. It’s a little window into a corner of the world you never knew existed.

    So next time YouTube or Netflix serves you something truly strange, don’t just dismiss it. Take a moment to appreciate the weirdness. The algorithm is trying its best, and sometimes, its failures are more interesting than its successes.

  • Our Love Story, Mapped Out on a Network Diagram

    Our Love Story, Mapped Out on a Network Diagram

    Moving in together? Merging your tech is the new relationship milestone. Learn why a network diagram might be the most romantic thing you create together.

    My partner and I just finished the big move-in checklist.

    Boxes unpacked? Mostly.
    Furniture assembled? Yes, with only minor arguments.
    First big grocery shop? Done.

    But then we hit an item that wasn’t on any traditional checklist: merging our digital lives.

    It’s a modern relationship milestone. It’s not just about deciding whose couch to keep anymore. It’s about deciding whose Wi-Fi router is better. It’s about connecting a mess of smart speakers, gaming consoles, work laptops, and streaming sticks into one, cohesive system that doesn’t crash every time someone microwaves popcorn.

    I saw a beautiful example of this the other day. A couple, fresh from moving in together, was facing this exact challenge. They had two of everything. Two home labs, two collections of gadgets, two different ways of being online.

    Instead of just plugging things in and hoping for the best, the girlfriend did something brilliant. She drew a network diagram.

    More Than Just a Map for Your Wi-Fi

    At first glance, a network diagram seems… well, nerdy. It’s a flowchart with boxes and lines showing how the modem connects to the router, which connects to the server, the work computer, the smart TV, and so on.

    But it was more than just a technical drawing. It was a relationship document.

    Think about it. Creating that diagram together meant they had to talk about everything.

    • Needs and Priorities: He might need ultra-low latency for gaming. She might need a rock-solid connection for non-stop video calls. Who gets the hardwired ethernet port? Where does the router need to be placed to cover both the home office and the living room?
    • Taking Inventory: It forced them to lay all their tech on the table. It’s the 21st-century version of combining your record collections. What do we keep? What do we get rid of? Do we really need three different streaming devices that all do the same thing?
    • Creating a Shared Foundation: That diagram wasn’t just about connecting devices. It was a plan for their shared space. It was them, as a team, building the invisible infrastructure of their new home. It was a statement that this is no longer “my network” and “your network.” It’s “our network.”

    This simple act of planning prevents a thousand tiny future arguments. No more, “Is the internet down or is it just your computer?” No more blaming each other when Netflix starts buffering. It’s all right there, on the map.

    The New Language of Love?

    We talk a lot about communication in relationships. But we rarely talk about what communication looks like when our lives are this entangled with technology.

    Sometimes, love isn’t a grand, poetic gesture. Sometimes, it’s drawing a little box for your partner’s PlayStation 5 and making sure it has a clear, strong path to the internet. It’s about taking the time to understand their world and finding a way for it to fit with yours.

    It’s an act of service. It’s a practical expression of care. It’s building something together.

    So, if you’re moving in with someone, I’d add a new item to your to-do list, right between “buy a new shower curtain” and “figure out who takes out the trash.”

    Sit down and map out your network.

    You don’t need fancy software. A piece of paper and a pen will do just fine. Here’s what to talk about:

    • The Main Connection: Where does the internet come into the house? Where will the modem and router live?
    • The “Must-Haves”: What devices absolutely need the fastest, most stable connection? (Think work computers, gaming consoles).
    • The Wireless Crew: What devices will run on Wi-Fi? (Phones, tablets, smart speakers).
    • Shared Resources: Are you going to have a shared printer or a network-attached storage (NAS) drive for photos and files? Put it on the map.

    It might feel a little silly at first. But what you’re really doing is practicing communication, planning, and compromise. You’re not just untangling cables; you’re untangling future frustrations.

    That network diagram is more than just a map of your technology. It’s one of the first blueprints of the life you’re building together. And that’s a pretty romantic thing, if you ask me.

  • Even Astronauts Need a Home Lab

    Even Astronauts Need a Home Lab

    Discover the surprising hobby of a NASA astronaut and why he uses a home lab to back up priceless photos from the International Space Station.

    You ever wonder what astronauts do in their downtime?

    I always pictured them doing… well, astronaut things. Floating, running experiments, or maybe just staring out the window at our amazing planet. And sure, they do all that. But they also have hobbies. Real, down-to-earth hobbies.

    I had one of those moments recently where two worlds I never thought would intersect suddenly collided. I met NASA astronaut Matthew Dominick. And after a few minutes of conversation, I learned about his hobby. It’s not woodworking or learning the guitar.

    He’s into homelabbing.

    For anyone not in the know, a “homelab” is basically a personal playground for tech enthusiasts. It’s where you run your own servers, manage your own network, and basically build a mini version of a corporate data center right in your own home. It’s a hobby for the seriously curious, the tinkerers, the people who want to know how the internet really works.

    And an active NASA astronaut is one of them.

    A Mission-Critical Backup

    So, why is an astronaut running servers at home? It’s not just for fun. It’s for one of the coolest reasons I’ve ever heard.

    He needs a reliable way to store and back up all the photos he took from the International Space Station.

    Think about that for a second. These aren’t just holiday snaps. They are irreplaceable, once-in-a-lifetime images captured from a perspective most of us will never have. Losing them would be a tragedy. So, he doesn’t just dump them onto an external hard drive and hope for the best.

    He’s doing it right. He told me he’s been learning about systems like TrueNAS and Proxmox—staples of the homelab community. He has two Network Attached Storage (NAS) devices at home. A NAS is just a dedicated box full of hard drives that connects to your home network. He uses one as his main storage and a second one as a complete backup. It’s a simple, robust strategy that ensures his priceless data is safe.

    It just makes perfect sense. When your data is that important, you don’t mess around.

    More Than Just JPEGs

    Here’s where it gets even more interesting.

    Most of the incredible images we see from NASA are high-resolution JPEGs. They’re beautiful, but they’re also compressed and processed. The digital equivalent of a developed photograph.

    But Matthew is working to get more of the RAW photos shared with the public.

    If you’re into photography, you know why this is a big deal. A RAW file is like the original film negative. It contains all the unprocessed data straight from the camera’s sensor. It gives photographers and scientists immense freedom to edit, process, and analyze the image without losing any quality.

    Having access to RAW files from space would be huge. It would let anyone with the right software see exactly what the camera saw. You could pull out more detail from the shadows, adjust the colors to be scientifically accurate, and explore the universe in a much more authentic way. His push for this kind of data sharing shows he’s not just a space explorer, but a true advocate for open information.

    One of Us

    It turns out, this isn’t a new side of him. He’s the same astronaut who famously got to nerd out with Destin from the YouTube channel SmarterEveryDay, live from the ISS Cupola. He has a genuine passion for technology and for sharing that passion with the world.

    Meeting him was a fantastic reminder that the people we see as heroes are often just curious, passionate people like us. They have personal projects, they worry about backing up their files, and they get excited about the same tech we do.

    The only difference is, their “office” has a much, much better view. And their photo library is literally out of this world.

  • So, You Have Two GPUs and a Big Idea?

    Thinking of building a homelab to train a custom cybersecurity AI? Here’s a practical guide on the hardware you’ll need to build around your GPUs.

    So, you’ve got your hands on some serious hardware—maybe a couple of powerful GPUs—and an idea is sparking. You’re thinking about building your own homelab to train a custom AI, maybe one that’s an expert in cybersecurity.

    That’s a fantastic project. It’s the kind of thing that’s not just for fun, but could actually help you in your work. I’ve been seeing more people get curious about this, so I thought I’d walk through what it actually takes.

    Let’s imagine you’ve got two NVIDIA Quadro RTX 6000s. That’s a pretty amazing starting point. The big question is: is that enough, and what else do you need to bring your idea to life?

    First, Let’s Talk About Those GPUs

    The heart of any AI training rig is the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). It’s all about the VRAM—the GPU’s own super-fast memory. When you’re training an AI model, the model itself and the data you’re feeding it have to live in that VRAM.

    Each RTX 6000 has a generous 24 GB of VRAM. With two of them linked together (using something called NVLink), you can get them to act like a single GPU with 48 GB of VRAM.

    So, are they enough? Yes, absolutely. For a homelab, 48 GB of VRAM is a massive amount of room to work with. You won’t be building the next GPT from scratch, but you can definitely fine-tune some very powerful open-source models on a huge amount of cybersecurity text. This is more than a good start; it’s a great one.

    But a Homelab is More Than Just GPUs

    Your GPUs are the star players, but they can’t win the game on their own. They need a solid supporting cast of hardware. If the rest of your system can’t keep up, your powerful GPUs will just be sitting around waiting. This is called a bottleneck.

    Here’s what you should think about for the rest of the build:

    CPU (The Traffic Cop)

    Your CPU’s job is to get data ready for the GPUs. It handles tasks like loading data from your storage, pre-processing it, and feeding it into the training pipeline. You don’t need the most expensive CPU on the market, but you don’t want to skimp here either. A modern processor with a good number of cores (like an AMD Ryzen 7/9 or an Intel i7/i9) will prevent a lot of headaches.

    Motherboard (The Foundation)

    This is what connects everything. Your main priority is finding a motherboard with at least two PCIe x16 slots. These are the slots your GPUs plug into. Pay close attention to the spacing—you need enough physical room between the cards for air to flow. You’ll also want to make sure the motherboard supports the NVLink bridge needed to connect your two RTX 6000s.

    RAM (The Workspace)

    While your GPUs have their VRAM, your system needs its own RAM for the CPU to work with. Data gets staged here before it goes to the GPU. For an AI project, more is better. I’d suggest starting with at least 64 GB, but 128 GB is a safer bet if you can swing it. It feels like overkill, but you’ll be glad you have it when you’re working with massive datasets.

    Storage (The Library)

    Training AI means reading a lot of data, and doing it quickly. Your storage needs to be fast.
    * For your OS and active datasets: Get a fast NVMe SSD. At least 1 TB, but 2 TB is better. This is where you’ll store the data you’re actively using to train your model.
    * For everything else: You can use a larger, slower hard drive (HDD) for archiving old models, storing raw data, and general file storage.

    Power Supply (The Power Plant)

    Don’t underestimate this. Two power-hungry GPUs, a capable CPU, and all your other components need a lot of clean, stable power. An underpowered PSU can cause random crashes that are a nightmare to debug. For a build like this, look for a high-quality PSU with at least a 1200W to 1500W rating. Look for an 80+ Gold or Platinum efficiency rating—it’s a sign of quality.

    It’s Not Just About the Hardware

    Building the machine is the first step. The next, and arguably harder, step is the project itself. You want to train an AI on “most major cybersecurity literature, tooling, policy work, etc.”

    That means your real challenge will be collecting and cleaning a high-quality dataset. Where will you get this data? Think about sources like:

    • Academic papers from sites like arXiv
    • Security advisories and vulnerability databases
    • Documentation from open-source security tools
    • High-quality security blogs and articles

    Curating this data is a massive task, but it’s what will make your AI unique and useful. You’ll likely be taking a powerful open-source model (like Llama 3 or Mistral) and fine-tuning it with your custom cybersecurity library.

    So, is it possible? One hundred percent. It’s a challenging road, but you’d learn an incredible amount along the way. And starting with two strong GPUs gives you a serious head start. Just remember to give them the team of components they deserve.

  • Do You Really Need a VPN for Your Home Server?

    Do You Really Need a VPN for Your Home Server?

    Are VPNs and complex firewalls always necessary for home servers? Exploring a balanced, practical approach to network security without the paranoia.

    I was scrolling through some online forums the other day, and a question caught my eye. A software engineer with decades of experience basically asked: are we all getting a little too paranoid about home network security?

    It’s a good question.

    Spend enough time in homelab or self-hosting communities, and you’ll see a constant stream of advice telling you to lock everything down. Hide your IP address behind Cloudflare. Only access your services through a VPN or Tailscale. Set up fail2ban with rules so strict a fly couldn’t get in.

    The general vibe is that if you expose a service directly to the internet, you’re just one zero-day vulnerability away from total disaster. But is that really the whole story?

    The “Fort Knox” Approach to Home Security

    First, let’s talk about why this advice exists. The core idea is that your home network is a much softer target than a professionally managed server in a data center. The logic goes something like this:

    • You’re the IT department: Unlike a business, you don’t have a dedicated security team. You’re the one responsible for every update, every patch, and every firewall rule.
    • Accidents happen: It’s easy to accidentally expose a sensitive dashboard or an old, unpatched service without realizing it. We’ve all done it.
    • Automated attacks are relentless: The moment you open a port, automated bots from all over the world start knocking. They’re not targeting you specifically; they’re just scanning for any known vulnerability.

    So, the common wisdom is to create a layered defense. A VPN, for example, acts like a secure, private tunnel into your network. No one on the outside can even see your services unless they’re on the VPN. It reduces your “attack surface,” as the security pros say.

    It makes a lot of sense. It’s the safest route. But is it the only route?

    A Different Perspective: Is It Overkill?

    The engineer who asked the original question had a great point. He’s been deploying services online for his entire career and has rarely run into major security issues. He wondered why we treat our home servers with so much more paranoia than a public-facing web server.

    His plan was simple: expose the standard web ports (80 for HTTP and 443 for HTTPS) and put them behind a solid reverse proxy like Caddy, which handles all the security certificates automatically. Then, use an authentication layer like Authentik to make sure only authorized users can access the services.

    So, why should he bother with a VPN?

    This is where the conversation gets interesting. For someone who understands the tech, this setup is actually pretty robust.

    • A good reverse proxy is a strong front door. Tools like Caddy, Nginx, or Traefik are built to handle the wild west of the internet. They are hardened and constantly updated.
    • Authentication is key. If every service requires a secure login before you can even see it, you’ve already blocked 99% of automated threats.
    • It’s just more convenient. Let’s be honest. Connecting to a VPN every time you want to check a service on your phone is a hassle. Sometimes you just want a simple, secure URL that works.

    The argument here is that if you have a well-configured, minimal setup, the risk is manageable. You aren’t exposing insecure protocols or forgotten, vulnerable applications. You’re just exposing a single, hardened entry point that then routes traffic internally.

    So, What’s the Right Answer?

    I think the reason for the conflicting advice comes down to two things: experience and risk.

    Is it possible that much of the hyper-cautious security advice is aimed at beginners? Absolutely. When you’re just starting out, it’s easy to misconfigure something or not fully grasp the risks. Recommending a VPN-only setup is a safe, one-size-fits-all solution that prevents a lot of common mistakes.

    But if you know what you’re doing—if you understand how to properly configure a reverse proxy, keep your software updated, and manage user authentication—then exposing a couple of ports directly isn’t necessarily reckless. It’s a calculated risk.

    You’re trading a little bit of theoretical security for a lot of practical convenience.

    For me, it’s about finding a balance. I use a VPN for sensitive things like my router’s admin page or my file server. But for less critical services that I want to access easily, I’m comfortable putting them behind a reverse proxy with strong authentication.

    The fear of being hacked is real, but maybe we don’t need to build a fortress when a solid, locked door will do. What matters is that you understand the lock.

  • Your House’s Most Useless Space Is Its Best Kept Secret

    Your House’s Most Useless Space Is Its Best Kept Secret

    Discover how to turn an awkward, unused nook in your house into a functional and discreet closet server. A guide to finding the perfect spot for your DIY tech.

    Every house has one. You know what I’m talking about. That weird, useless space.

    Maybe it’s a shallow closet that can’t even fit a proper hanger. Maybe it’s that high-up ledge in the hallway you can’t reach without a ladder. For me, it was a strange, boxy alcove above my coat closet, a relic of some long-forgotten architectural choice. For years, I just ignored it. It was a dust collector. A nothing-space.

    Until one day, I was looking at it and a thought just popped into my head: What if I put something important there?

    It turns out, these forgotten corners are often the perfect place for a small home server.

    Wait, Why Would I Even Want a Home Server?

    I get it. The word “server” sounds intimidating. It conjures up images of giant, humming machines in a cold, dark room. But it doesn’t have to be like that. A home server can be as simple as a single, tiny computer.

    Think of it as the brain for your home. It’s a central hub for all your digital stuff. And once you have one, you’ll wonder how you lived without it.

    Here are a few things it can do, without getting too technical:

    • Your Personal Netflix: You can store all your movies and TV shows and stream them to any device in your house. No more relying on streaming services to keep your favorite film in their library.
    • A Private Cloud: Instead of paying for Dropbox or Google Drive, you can create your own. It’s perfect for backing up your family photos, important documents, and computer files automatically.
    • A Smarter Smart Home: If you have smart lights, plugs, or sensors, a server can tie them all together. This gives you more control and privacy than relying on big tech companies.
    • A Sandbox for Learning: Maybe you just want to tinker. A home server is an amazing place to learn about networking, coding, or just how computers really work.

    The best part is that you can tuck it away somewhere completely out of sight. And that brings me back to that awkward little nook.

    Finding Your Server’s New Home

    The idea really clicked when I saw how someone online had used a similar space. They took a spot most people would ignore and planned to put a small server rack in it. It was brilliant.

    Suddenly, I started seeing potential everywhere. That forgotten space isn’t useless; it’s an opportunity. It’s discreet, it’s out of the way, and it turns dead space into a functional part of your home.

    So, take a walk around your house. I bet you have a spot just like it.

    Look for:
    * The top shelf of a closet
    * The space under the stairs
    * A strangely deep kitchen cabinet
    * An unused corner in the basement or garage

    You’re looking for a place that’s out of the main flow of traffic. A spot that nobody would miss.

    A Few Things to Think About First

    Before you start running cables, there are a few practical things to consider. Putting a computer in a tiny, enclosed space requires a little planning.

    1. Airflow is Key
    Servers, even small ones, generate heat. You can’t just toss a computer in a sealed box and expect it to be happy. You’ll need some way for cool air to get in and warm air to get out. This could be as simple as drilling some vent holes or installing a tiny, quiet USB fan you can buy for a few dollars.

    2. You’ll Need Power
    This one’s obvious, but you need a power outlet nearby. If there isn’t one, you might need to think about running an extension cord or hiring an electrician for a cleaner installation.

    3. What About Noise?
    Some hardware can be noisy. While many modern, small devices are nearly silent, it’s still a good idea to choose a location where a little bit of fan hum won’t bother anyone, especially at night. A hallway closet is usually better than your bedroom closet.

    4. Can You Reach It?
    You won’t need to access it every day, but you will need to get to it for setup and occasional maintenance. Make sure the spot isn’t so clever that you can’t physically reach it when you need to.

    The solution to keeping it all neat is often a small, wall-mounted rack. These are just simple metal frames that let you organize your gear vertically. It keeps things tidy, helps with airflow, and makes your little project look surprisingly professional.

    So next time you walk past that odd, forgotten corner of your home, give it a second look. It might not be useless space after all. It might just be the perfect home for your next project.

  • My Mini PCs Needed a Home, But I Had No Space

    My Mini PCs Needed a Home, But I Had No Space

    Struggling to find a compact enclosure for your mini PC cluster? Explore clever, space-saving solutions beyond server racks and 3D printing for your homelab.

    So, you did it. You finally pulled the trigger on a few of those sleek, powerful mini PCs. Maybe you got a great deal, or maybe you, like me, just had that itch to build something new and dive deeper into the homelab world. You’ve got these little boxes of potential—a Proxmox cluster in the making—ready to replace your old, noisy desktop tower.

    It feels great, right? The hardware is sitting there, gleaming on your desk. But then comes the question that stops the project in its tracks: Where do you actually put them?

    This was exactly where I found myself recently. I had three shiny new Minisforum PCs, but my “office” is a converted pantry. Space is a luxury I don’t have. I needed a way to stack or organize them that wasn’t a giant, space-hogging server rack. And I don’t own a 3D printer, so printing a custom mount was out.

    I figured finding a simple case or stand would be easy. I was wrong. The search for the perfect, compact, non-rack enclosure for a mini PC cluster is surprisingly tough.

    The Problem: Finding a Home for Your Homelab

    Most of the solutions out there seem to fall into two camps: massive rackmounts or custom 3D-printed brackets.

    Rackmounts are fantastic if you have a dedicated server closet or a basement with plenty of room. But for those of us working out of a small corner, a 10-inch rack, let alone a full-sized one, just isn’t practical. It’s overkill and eats up precious desk or shelf space.

    The 3D printing community has come up with some brilliant designs, and if you have a printer, you’re golden. But for the rest of us, it feels like being left out of a club. You can see the perfect solution on Thingiverse, but you have no way to make it.

    So, what’s the alternative? How do you create a clean, organized, and space-efficient mini PC cluster without a rack or a 3D printer?

    Thinking Outside the (Server) Box

    After a lot of digging, I realized I needed to get creative. The perfect off-the-shelf product might not exist, but there are plenty of clever workarounds and niche vendors who can help.

    Here’s what I found.

    1. Vertical Stands and Desk Organizers

    This is the simplest and often cheapest solution. Instead of laying the mini PCs flat and stacking them (which can be bad for airflow), stand them on their sides.

    • Laptop Stands: A simple vertical laptop stand can often hold two or even three mini PCs snugly. Look for the adjustable kind that lets you set the width of the slots. It keeps them upright, separated for good airflow, and minimizes their footprint.
    • Metal File Sorters: Hear me out. A sturdy, metal mesh file sorter or letter organizer from an office supply store can work wonders. They are designed to hold heavy files, have built-in dividers, and offer fantastic ventilation. They’re cheap, easy to find, and surprisingly effective. I saw one person using a bamboo dish rack—it looked great and did the job perfectly.

    The key is to measure your mini PCs and check the dimensions of the organizer. As long as it’s stable and allows air to move, you’re good to go.

    2. Specialized Etsy and Small Vendor Mounts

    While mainstream sites might let you down, there’s a whole world of small businesses and individual makers who cater specifically to the homelab crowd. Etsy is a goldmine for this stuff.

    Many sellers on Etsy offer 3D printing services. You can find a design you like on a site like Thingiverse, and have an Etsy seller print and ship it to you. This gives you the customization of 3D printing without needing to own the hardware.

    There are also vendors who have designed their own mounting systems. I’ve seen small, laser-cut acrylic stands and metal brackets designed specifically for popular mini PC models from brands like Minisforum, Beelink, and Intel NUC. These are often made by fellow enthusiasts who ran into the same problem you are. A quick search for “[Your Mini PC Model] stand” or “NUC cluster mount” on Etsy or Tindie might just reveal the perfect product.

    3. The DIY (No 3D Printer) Approach

    If you’re even slightly handy, you can build something custom without any complex tools.

    • Wood or Acrylic: A small plank of wood and a few dowels can become a simple, effective vertical rack. Drill holes for the dowels, and you have a custom-sized rack that holds your PCs perfectly spaced for airflow. You can do the same with a sheet of acrylic for a more modern, transparent look.
    • Pegboard: A small pegboard mounted to the wall or even just propped up on your desk is incredibly versatile. You can use standard pegboard hooks and shelves to create a modular mounting system for your mini PCs, power bricks, and cables. It’s a great way to go vertical and keep your desk clear.

    My Final Setup

    In the end, I found a seller on Etsy who made a simple, elegant acrylic stand designed to hold three Minisforum PCs vertically. It cost a little more than a metal file sorter, but it was custom-made for my exact models and looks fantastic in my tiny pantry office. It keeps the PCs secure, airflow is great, and the footprint is smaller than a single textbook.

    The journey to find it was a bit frustrating, but it taught me that for homelabbers, sometimes the best solution isn’t the most obvious one. It’s about looking in the right places and thinking a little differently. Your perfect mini-cluster home is out there—it just might not be in a server rack.